Palace of Versailles History: From Hunting Lodge to Royal Palace

The Palace of Versailles is one of the most gorgeous royal palaces in the world. Located in Paris, it has also been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979. In the political history of France, the Palace plays a key role as the seat of power. It was the official home of the last king of France and famous leaders like Napoleon.

But once upon a time, this powerhouse was a hunting lodge for King Louis XIII. The Palace of Versailles History is packed with many interesting events. That’s the amazing thing about the Versailles Palace. It is not just a building; it is a symbol of history.

So, I’m going to tell you the whole journey of the Palace of Versailles. We will explore the fascinating history of Versailles, highlighting key events and figures that shaped its grandeur. Ready? Let’s step into the world of Versailles!

Key Takeaways

• Versailles began as a hunting lodge for King Louis XIII in 1624.
• King Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, began transforming Versailles into a grand palace in 1661.
• In 1789, the French Revolution made the palace a symbol of royal excess.
• After World War I, the Treaty of Versailles was signed in the Hall of Mirrors on June 28, 1919.

Origins of the Palace of Versailles

The Palace of Versailles was first built as a hunting lodge in 1623. But the backstory of the palace started in 1607 with Louis XIII.

Louis XIII’s Hunting Lodge

King Louis XIII’s favorite thing to do was hunt for wild game. On 24 August 1607, the young future king came to Versailles for his hunting trip. Before his coming, there was nothing in Versailles. He was with his father during the hunting trip. They found a forest and meadows with many games.

After the death of King Henry IV, Louis XIII became king in 1610. In 1621, he came again to Versailles. But there was a big problem for the king on his hunting trip. He had to shorten his trip and needed to return to Paris because there was no place to stay at night. That’s why King Louis XIII wanted to build a hunting lodge. The work on the lodge began in 1623.

Early Expansions

The residence was small. After some years, Louis XIII again took the decision to rebuild it in 1631. The construction was finished in 1634 and established the foundation of the modern palace we see today. That is how the origin of the Palace of Versailles began. Around 10 million tourists visit Versailles, which makes it the most visited historic site in the world.

The official royal home was not changed, but Louis started to visit the palace at Versailles regularly. He used the palace as a farmhouse type to hide from the stress and work pressure of Paris. He also used the palace to meet his mistresses, away from his wife and family.

Tips: Want to explore this amazing palace and struggling to confirm your tickets? Read our complete guide for securing Versailles Palace Last Minute Tickets.

Transformation into a Royal Palace

Louis XIII died in 1643. After his death, Louis XIV became the king of France. The nickname of Louis XIV is the “Sun King.” He started transforming the palace. Under his supervision, the palace became an elegant symbol of French culture.

Acquisition and Expansion by Louis XIV

Louis XIV’s nickname was the Sun King. He also loved hunting like his father. In 1651, Louis XIV developed a new plan to change the palace’s look and architecture. He wanted to build something that reflected France worldwide. By 1661, the first major construction had taken place.

He chose Versailles Palace to showcase the glory of France and his absolute rule. He created big rooms for events, grand and stylish gardens, and a chapel. By 1680, King Louis XIV had moved the aristocracy and the official government to Versailles. In 1715, King Louis XIV died.

Architectural Developments

The Palace of Versailles is an Architectural masterpiece. It is the best example of Baroque architecture. The palace was designed by famous architects at that time. Louis Le Vau, Jules Hardouin-Mansart, and Charles Le Brun played an important role in the design.

The Palace as the Seat of Power

Versailles was not only a royal residence but also a political powerhouse. In 1682, King Louis XIV of France moved the royal court from Paris to the Palace of Versailles. It is one of the most important moments in France’s political history. The purpose behind the court move was political, personal, and strategic.

Most of the key political decisions were made at Versailles. Louis XIV moved the court for his vision of absolute monarchy. Some motivations for moving the court included:

1. Control over the nobility
2. Symbolism of Absolute Monarchy
3. Protection and Security

Architectural Highlights of Royal Palace

There are two prominent styles of art and architecture used in the Palace of Versailles.

1. Baroque
2. Rococo

Baroque art style focuses on detail and realism in art. Rococo design is focused on using light and natural shapes. The Royal Chapel is a good example of Rococo’s.

The Hall of Mirrors

One of the amazing features of the palace is the Hall of Mirrors. It has a 240-foot-long hall lined with 17 big mirrors that reflect the light from 17 windows on the opposite side.

The Royal Chapel

The wonderful royal chapel is an example of Baroque and Gothic architecture. It has a domed ceiling, intricate marble floors, and richly decorated walls.

The Grand Trianon and Petit Trianon

• Grand Trianon: It is a small palace built by Louis XIV. He used it as a private room. It was a home for the king and his mistresses. It also hosted intimate gatherings and entertainment.
• Petit Trianon: A smaller palace built by Louis XV for his mistress. It was meant to be a cozier, more elegant retreat than the Grand Trianon.

Development of the Gardens

One of the most beautiful parts of the palace is the gardens. The development of the Versailles Palace Gardens also started with the development of the palace structure. 

In 1661, King Louis XIV appointed André Le Nôtre for the renovation and improvement of the gardens. There are some features of the gardens that were implemented.

• Geometry and Symmetry: Le Nôtre’s design emphasized order and symmetry in the gardens. This design is used to reflect the absolute power of the king.
• Water Features and Fountains: One of the most famous things is the fountain system and water features. The fountains use a complex hydraulic system. They became the main attraction of Versailles’ gardens.

Pro Visitor Tips: Book your ticket as soon as possible to enjoy the architectural wonders of the Palace of Versailles. 

The Fall of Versailles as a Royal Residence

After the death of Louis XIV, Louis XV became the new king of France. His main focus was to finish the project that his grandfather had taken. Louis XV died in 1774. France got its new king Louis XVI. By that time, the social and political conditions of France started to become low.

The French Revolution (1789)

Louis XVI and his wife loved to host luxurious parties and festivals. They lived a lavish lifestyle. The citizens of France didn’t like this abuse of money. The palace became a symbol of absolutism.

In 1789, a march named the “Women’s March” gathered in front of the palace. They demanded to kick out the royal family from the palace. This march is considered the beginning of the fall of the Versailles Palace.

In 1793, the court gave its decision on Louis and Marie Antoinette. They were found guilty and executed by guillotine. After their deaths, the citizens wanted to destroy the palace, but, amazingly, it survived.

Transformation into a Museum (19th Century)

The National Assembly took control of the palace after the fall of Louis XVI. Some items of the palace were sold or some were transformed into other places. In 1837, King Louis-Philippe took the initiative to make the palace a museum.

In the new face, the Versailles started to show paintings, sculptures, and artifacts. Today, the Palace of Versailles Paris is one of the most famous historical sites in the world. It now stands as the symbol of France’s history. The palace is an eyewitness to a long political era in France.

Attraction Tips: Paris is the home of some world-famous museums. The Louvre Museum is one of them. Learn about what to see in the Louvre Museum.

Visiting the Palace Today

If you are planning to visit the Palace of Versailles, you need to know some essential information. I am going to help you with a guide on tickets and tips.

Versailles Palace Visiting Hours

• Palace and Trianon Palaces: Typically open daily from 9:00 AM to 6:30 PM (closed on Mondays).
• Gardens and Park: Open daily, with the gardens free to visit on most days.
• Trianon Estate: Open daily, generally from 12:00 PM to 6:30 PM.

Versailles Palace Tickets (Official Website)

The ticket price of the Palace of Versailles depends on the type of tickets. The types are:

Last Minute Palace of Versailles Tickets​ (Reseller)

The demand for the palace ticket is very high. You can buy last-minute tickets from several trusted resellers.

Best Days and Times to Visit

Low Seasons: The Palace of Versailles is a top tourist destination in France. In the low season, the crowds can be low. You will find a calm environment and more time to explore. The time is from November to March.

High Seasons: April to October is the high season for Versailles Palace. You will find huge crowds. Especially on weekends and Tuesdays. Try to avoid these months.

Weekdays: If you love a peaceful environment, try to visit on weekdays. Wednesday and Thursday are the least crowded days. So, try to plan your visit on weekdays. They are the best days to visit Versailles Palace.

Weekends: Versailles Palace is very busy on weekends. The crowds double during the high season. Avoid weekends and public holidays when visiting Versailles Palace.

Morning vs. Afternoon Visits: A morning visit to the Palace of Versailles is better than any other time of the day. The best time is the opening time of the palace. The crowds can be a little high in the afternoon.

Tips for Visiting Versailles Palace

Skip-the-Line Tickets: To save your valuable time, this ticket is highly recommended. Skip-the-line tickets allow you to bypass the long lines at the entrance.

Buy tickets in advance: I know you hate long lines. I recommend booking your tickets in advance online. If you miss your ticket, buy last minute ticket for the Palace of Versailles.

Visit early: Whenever you are visiting the palace, try to arrive early in the morning. The crowd level stays lower at the opening time of the museum.

Wear comfortable shoes: Due to the palace’s large size, you will need to walk. Wear soft shoes to save your legs.

Avoid weekends: Don’t visit on weekends. Lots of people visit on weekends. The crowds can be very big.

Try Winter Visit: The spring and summer months are better for visiting Versailles. But you can also visit the palace in the winter season.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What are the must-see features of the palace?

The Hall of Mirrors, the Royal Chapel, and the expansive gardens in front of the palace. Take time to watch the geometric paths, fountains, and sculptures.

When was the Palace of Versailles built?

Construction began in 1623 as a hunting lodge and expanded significantly under Louis XIV from 1661.

How did the French Revolution affect the palace?

The revolution led to the royal family’s departure, and the palace was later converted into a museum.

Is the Palace of Versailles a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Yes, it was designated as such in 1979 for its historical and cultural significance.

Conclusion

The Palace of Versailles is the iconic symbol of France’s monarchy. It is solely connected with the history and culture of France. From the hunting lodge to the Grand Royal Palace, Versailles wows its visitors with its beauty. Discover its amazing architecture. Plan your visit to experience the magic of Versailles.